Tuesday, December 6, 2011

Children and Race

Here are some posts on children and race/ethnicity by the authors of Nurture Shock. You might find them surprising and interesting:



Monday, November 21, 2011

Research Project Reminder

This is a reminder the the second research project is due next Monday. The project is to mine the library's ProQuest databases for information about an immigrant or immigrant family and write a report on what you find and how it compares to what you have learned from the textbook. The report should be roughly 2,000 words and should include full citations of the records you use from the databases (census, passenger list, death index, etc.). It would be best to print out copies of the documents and include them with your report. Remember that the library's subscription to the databases ends on Wednesday.

Sunday, November 20, 2011

Immigration in the Age of Globalization, part 1

1870 Census Taker

For Monday's class, please read Chapter 17 through page 422 and be prepared to answer the following questions:

  • What has changed and what has stayed the same in American immigration since 1986?
  • In the 2000 census, what percentage of the population was foreign born? How does that compare to the historical numbers? (Hint: check the tables in this chapter and in chapter 6.)
  • According to the 2000 census, the largest numbers of immigrants came from what regions of the world? Where did most settle? What were their education achievements and income?
  • Why is the data so misleading when the census data on immigrants is lumped together?
  • What does Daniels say the responsible historian must try to do?
  • Who are "nonimmigrant" immigrants?
  • Who do experts think comprise the major portion of the illegal immigrants?
  • What is the longstanding discrimination against Mexican as opposed to Canadian border crossers?
  • Why are the government's estimates of the number of illegal immigrants so unreliable?
  • If we accept the government's numbers, what, in Daniel's opinion, are the vast majority of the 1.8% of the U.S. population that is undocumented?
Check out this website: http://immigration-online.org/

Saturday, November 12, 2011

Chapter 16

While reading Chapter 16, please highlight at least one sentence, phrase or statement per page. Be sure to bring your book to class on Monday as participation points will, in part, be based on completion of this task. You should be prepared to discuss all highlighted passages.

Wednesday, November 9, 2011

Caribbean, Central Americans and Soviet Jews

Please remember to send me an email with your research topic if you have one or your request for one if you'd like some direction. You are encouraged to work together to find out how all the tools and databases in the system work.



For Friday's class, please read Chapter 15 and be prepared to answer the following questions:
  • Who are the majority of recent immigrants from Spanish-speaking America and who do their migration patterns most resemble?
  • What became the Cuban American population center, what was their socio-economic background, and what effect have they had on the part of America where they are concentrated?
  • How has the Cuban Refugee program effected race relations?
  • What percentage of the Dominican population came to the U.S. on tourist visas?
  • Why are conditions so bad in Haiti, and why are Haitians not generally given refugee status in the U.S.?
  • With the exception of Costa Rica, what kind of shape are the countries of Central America in and why?
  • Why did the president of El Salvador ask the U.S. not to deport Salvadorans?
  • What are the three classes of Central America refugees?
  • What is the sanctuary movement?
  •  Why did Soviet Jews go to the head of the immigration line? What's the irony in this?

Monday, November 7, 2011

Research Project & The New Asian Immigrants

Reminder: Tuesday is Election Day!

For Wednesday's class, please spend some time investigating the resources available on the library's ProQuest databases. I expect everyone to gain basic familiarity with the system and to bring specific suggestions for using it for immigration/ethnicity research.

Also, please read Chapter 14 and be prepared to answer the following questions:

  • What three things does Daniels say brought about a change in attitude towards Asian immigrants?
  • What characteristics have led to Asian Americans being called the model minority?
  • What are ABCs and FOBs and who are the "silent" Chinese of San Francisco?
  • What are the three distinct increments of Filipino immigration?
  • What profession niche do recent Filipino immigrants dominate and why?
  • Who were the Koreans who came before the 1965 immigration act?
  • What do Indian and Korean immigrants have in common?
  • How and why do Vietnamese immigrants differ from other recent Asian immigrants?
  • What was the total number of Vietnamese War refugees and their children, and what nationalities are included?
  • Compare the population growth of Chinese, Japanese, Filipino, Indian, Korean, and Vietnamese Americans since 1965. What accounts for the differences?

Saturday, November 5, 2011

Changing the Rules


For Monday, please read Chapter 13 and be prepared to answer the following questions:

  • Recap: What are the Immigration Act of 1924 and the national origins system?
  • How did the Cold War effect immigration and immigration policy?
  • What was surprising about who was admitted under the Displaced Persons Act of 1948?
  • What did President Truman say was the greatest vice of the quota system and what was he specifically referring to?
  • While immigration policy was still focused on Europe, who was really immigrating to the U.S. in larger numbers and why?
  • What was revolutionary about the Immigration Act of 1965 and how did it fit with the national mood?
  • What were the unanticipated results of the 1965 law?
  • What is parole authority and how does it relate to the Refugee Act of 1980.
  • How does a refugee differ from an asylee?
  • How did American attitudes toward refugees change between WWII and 1980?
  • What was the Mariel Crisis and how did it compare with Haiti's boat people?
  • What's so interesting about the numbers of legal immigrants and the quota limits?

Friday, October 28, 2011

Document Analysis #2

Please review the following two documents. The first is Cesar Chavez's speech ending his first fast in 1968. The second is a speech he made more than 20 years later. Do these two documents, which span the bulk of Chavez's career working for the rights of Mexican American farm workers, reflect change / development / evolution / maturation of Chavez's ideas, or do they reflect consistency of Chavez's ideas throughout this long period?

Your paper should be 2-3 pages in length, including Bibliography.

Due Friday, 11/4.

http://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/cesarchavezspeechmexicanamerican&church.htm

http://www.aztlan.net/cesarMLK.htm

Thursday, October 27, 2011

The Triumph of Nativism

For Friday, please read chapter 10 and be prepared to answer the following questions:

  • What is Nativism and what causes it?
  • What and when were the three discreet phases of anti-immigrant activity?
  • What was the Know-Nothing party? 
  • What does the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution establish? Who's left out?
  • Why did the Chinese Exclusion Act pass?
  • What prompted the federal government to take over the administration of immigration?
  • What do you know about Ellis Island?
  • Against whom was most racism directed and why?
  • Was the literacy test effective at barring undesirable immigrants?
  • How did the depression of 1890 and World War I effect public opinion on immigration?
  • How did the quota plan work? who was not subject to it?
  • In 1924, what were some of the conflicts and struggles felt by the relatively prosperous nation?
  • Was a limit on immigration necessary or desirable?
  • Check out today's NY Times op-ed article on modern Nativism.

Tuesday, October 25, 2011

The Century of Immigration: Chinese, Japanese, and French Canadians


When reading Chapter 9 for Wednesday, please consider the following questions:
  • What brought Chinese immigrants to the United States?
  • How does Daniels define "immigrant," and what does he consider to be "the false and essentially racist notion" of some scholars?
  • What was the "coolie trade"?
  • Where did the Chinese settle and how did they finance their migrations?
  • How did Chinatowns differ from other American ethnic enclaves?
  • What are the Naturalization Act of 1870 and the Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882?
  • What is a "paper son"?
  • Where did Japanese immigrants settle, and what occupations did they have?
  • Why were the Japanese initially treated differently from the Chinese, and how did that affect their demographics?
  • What is the "Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907-8"?
  • What is a "picture bride marriage," and was it unique to the Japanese?
  • Why did Carroll Wright say that French Canadians were the "Chinese of the Eastern States"?
  • How was French Canadian migration unique?
  • What were French Canadian occupations in Canada, and what were they in the United States?
  • Why was French Canadian acculturation so much slower than for any other immigrant group? 

Monday, October 17, 2011

Midterm Study Guide / Short Answer Section

On the midterm, you will be asked to write short answer responses to 5 of the following questions. You will have 25 minutes to complete this section of the exam, so you should spend approximately 5 minutes on each question.

1. Define “ethnicity.” Why is it so difficult to define this term?

2. What does it mean to be an American? On what grounds do some claim that the equation of “American” with “citizen of the United States” is inappropriate?

3. (deleted)

4. What was the “kelp highway” as discussed by Jon Erlandson?

5. Most Africans who came to the North American colonies during the Colonial period did not come voluntarily. Does this mean that we should not call them “immigrants”?

6. We have looked at “push,” “pull” and “means” as factors that help determine why, how and when people immigrate to the United States. Have these factors fundamentally changed over time? Compare the experience of one Colonial Era immigrant group to one or more of the immigrants we heard about during our Oral History presentations.

7. October 12 was Columbus Day. Please watch the short video linked from Larissa’s blog. Why should we, or should we not “reconsider Columbus Day”?

8. (deleted)

9. Is the loss of an ethnic group’s native or home-country language an example of “Anglo conformity”? Cite at least one example to support your answer.

10. With regard to the study of History, why is it important to read or listen to primary source accounts such Olaudah Equiano’s description of his experience of slavery, Ida Wells’ account of lynchings, or Billie Holiday’s performance of “Strange Fruit”?

Thursday, October 6, 2011

Readings for the Week of October 10

We have read so far about the immigration experiences of some of the many ethnic groups that made up the population of the United States by the early 1900s. Some of these came by choice, as with most European immigrants, and others by force, as with the vast majority of early African immigrants. Still others never, strictly speaking, "came" to the United States but rather were incorporated into its domains through conquest or annexation, as with the Native and Mexican peoples respectively.

Another important aspect of America's ethnic history revolves around the experiences of those groups of people once settled in the United States. How did they grow into their distinctly American identities? How did different ethnic groups relate to one another as they grew into "Americans" over the course of the 18th and 19th centuries? Before moving on with the 20th century in our textbook, let's pause to take a thematic look at the experience of one of those groups, Africans, as they became African Americans. Although the African experience in America has been in some ways as diverse and nuanced as the many African ethnic groups represented here, certain key themes resonate for nearly all who are descendents of the first African immigrants, and particularly so for those who still live in the American South. Among these themes are the legacies of enslavement, racial violence and the long struggle for civil rights.

We've already looked at the Narrative of Olaudah Equiano, a man who experienced slavery in the United States first-hand and wrote about it in 1789 to support the abolitionist movement.

For this week, then, begin by reading this very short bio of Angelina Grimke, a white abolitionist from the American South.
http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/USASgrimke.htm

Then, read Grimke's 1838 speech at Pennsylvania Hall. How does Grimke's double status as a "Southern woman," i.e. as both a Southerner and as a woman, strengthen her message in this speech?
http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/grimke.html

Eventually, abolitionist sentiment succeeded in the US, but that did not put an end to racism. Southern blacks, in particular, continued to evolve their identities as Americans in an America partially defined by violence and discrimination, in communities subscribing to Jim Crow Laws where the fear of lynching was real and justified. The Abolitionist movement was over, but the Civil Rights movement was just beginning.

Read this (also very short) bio of Ida B. Wells, a black civil rights leader from the American South.
http://www.idabwells.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=46&Itemid=53

Then, read Wells' influential 1893 speech and pamphlet, "Lynch Law." The "crime of outrage" Wells refers to is rape... why do you suppose rape is so prominently related to lynching in the context of the American South?
http://www.historyisaweapon.com/defcon1/wellslynchlaw.html

Finally, watch Billie Holiday perform Strange Fruit, her powerful 1939 song about lynching.
http://dai.ly/edFCOY

Optional: Think lynching is a thing of the past in the American South? Shamefully, it is a practice that has continued to shape the ethnic reality of African-descendent Americans even into the 21st century.

Brandon McClelland 2008
http://www.finalcall.com/artman/publish/article_5348.shtml

James Byrd 1998
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Byrd_Jr

Anthony Hill 2010
http://www.thegrio.com/news/sc-police-black-man-shot-to-death-body-dragged.php

Tuesday, October 4, 2011

Century of Immigration: Eastern Europeans

When reading Chapter 8 for Wednesday, please consider the following questions:

  • When did most Eastern European immigrants begin to arrive in the United States?
  • Where did they settle, and what did they do for a living? 
  • What did they do before they emigrated, and why did they go to America?
  • How does the 1910 census data indicate how many Poles came to America?
  • What role did Polish Nationalism play in the immigrants experience?
  • Why did Eastern European Jews emigrate?
  • Where did they settle, and what did they do for a living?
  • How did the Eastern European Jewish immigrant's experience differ from other immigrants of the same period?
  • What was the Triangle Shirt Waist fire of 1911?
  • What were the differences/conflicts between Eastern European Jews and other American Jews?
  • What does the complex story of the Hungarian family on page 234 illustrate best about immigration?
  • What were working conditions in American industry like?

Sunday, October 2, 2011

Century of Immigration: From the Mediterranean

Abject apologies for the delay of this post!
Please consider the following questions for Chapter 7:

  • What changes were there in the "means" of immigration in this period? Did conditions improve?
  • What was notable about the immigration of Italians in this period?
  • Which groups from the Mediterranean had the highest rates of return migration?
  • What political event occurred in Italy in the mid-1800's that spurred a lot of emigration?
  • Where did Italian go in America, and what were their occupations?
  • What was the role of the immigrant banker?
  • What was the padroni system?
  • Why did so few Italians send their children to Catholic schools?
  • What, according to Daniels, is the most controversial aspect of the Italian American experience?
  • Who were Sacco and Vanzetti?
  • Why is it difficult to determine how many Greeks came to the United States?
  • What occupations did Greeks pursue? 
  • What do the businesses of Greek, Italian, and Chinese immigrants have in common?
  • Until recently, what was the religion of the majority of Arab immigrants to the United States?
  • What did Arab immigrants to for a living?
  • Why did Armenians emigrate and where did they go?

Friday, September 30, 2011

Interviewee

Students, if you are still looking for an interviewee, please let me know. I have a lead on a woman who immigrated from Bangladesh. She was a pilot there at a time when there were not many women pilots. I think she may have an interesting story to tell. Please email me at pandrews@NDNU.edu if you want her contact information. She lives in San Carlos.

PA

Wednesday, September 28, 2011

The Century of Immigration: German and Scandinavian

 
For Friday's class please read the rest of Chapter Six and consider the following questions:
  • How did the number of German immigrants compare to the number of Irish immigrants?
  • What were the push and pull factors for German immigrants?
  • What can you say about German American involvement in American politics?
  • Contrast German settlement patterns and occupations to those of the Irish.
  • Who was more likely to learn English and adopt American ways, German men or women? Why?
  • What caused friction between German Americans and their neighbors? (list three things)
  • What caused divisions among German Americans?
  • How did German Jews impact the American Jewish community and what you wear?
  • Did German Jews enter different occupations than other German immigrants?
  • How did German Americans try to maintain their German culture in America? How did it work out?
  • Why did Scandinavians immigrate to America?
  • Why do we have so much data about Swedes and what does that data tell us about the intelligence of immigrants?
  • Are ethnic enclaves a good or bad thing?
  • What can you say about Danish migration and the Mormon Church?
  • Why does Daniels say that the notion of an "Old Immigration" is bunk?

Monday, September 26, 2011

The Century of Immigration: The Irish

For Wednesday's class please read the Chapter Six just up to page 145 and consider the following questions:
  • Why is Daniels ignoring the old notion of "old" and "new" immigrants, and what the heck is a shibboleth? 
  • What does he say is the most fundamental difference between immigrants in the colonial period and those after 1820 and what accounts for the change?
  • Can you make sense of the tables 6.2, 6.3, and 6.4? What do they tell us about immigration from 1820-1924? (define decennial)
  • Why did the Irish leave Ireland? How many left?
  • Why did so many go to New England and particularly Boston? How were they received there?
  • What kinds of work did they find? Who did they compete with for the work?
  • Why was their status higher in San Francisco?
  • How did they transform the Catholic Church in America?
  • What is singular about Irish immigrant demographics in the years following the famine?
  • How did the Irish Americans adapt to and change American politics?
  • What's with this cartoon?
Don't forget to submit your Document Analysis Paper revisions by Wednesday.

Sunday, September 25, 2011

Oscar Handlin, Historian Who Chronicled U.S. Immigration, Dies at 95


check out the obituary in the NY Times.

“Once I thought to write a history of the immigrants in America. Then I discovered that the immigrants were American history.”

Saturday, September 24, 2011

Oral History Research Project

For anyone who missed class the day this was assigned...

Oral History Research Project


Please conduct an Oral History interview of a person who immigrated to the United States. Your interviewee must have been old enough at the time to remember details about his or her country of birth.

Develop a series of specific questions prior to your interview. What do you want to know? What can you find out through research before you meet for the interview? What can you find out only by experiencing the person’s face-to-face presence? During the interview, attempt to find answers to the questions you have developed. After the interview, attempt to fill any gaps that remain.

Be sure to record your interview in some manner. This recording or transcript of your interview is a primary source document and should not be discarded.

Write a paper that attempts to answer one or more of your questions using the recording or transcript of your interview as a primary source. 4-8 pages.

DUE: Monday, October 10

Wednesday, September 21, 2011

Questions to keep in mind as you read Chapter 5

1. What distinction does Daniels draw between "race relations" and "ethnic relations"?

2. What is meant by "Anglo-conformity"? Do you know anyone who has experienced "the demand for Anglo-conformity" (p.105)?

3. Daniels makes reference to several laws regulating the private behavior of free blacks in colonial America (p.107), including laws relating to sexual relationships and inter-racial marriage between blacks and whites. Use the internet to see if you can find out how long such anti-miscegenation laws were in effect in any state in the United States. Is this still a debated issue in the United States?

4. Review John Jay's words about "Providence" which appear on p.108. In what way does Jay play down ethnic differences?

Bonus Question: This question is optional for those who are familiar with the notion of "Manifest Destiny." In what way does Jay's statement about Providence use religion to support the notion of Manifest Destiny?

5. How would you summarize Benjamin Franklin's statement from "Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind" which appears on pp.109-110? Does he seem to be saying that racism is a part of human nature? Do you agree?

6. How is the early 19th century nationalism described by John Quincy Adams on p.118 different from the Anglo-conformity described on p.105?

Monday, September 19, 2011

Reading for Wednesday, September 21

As mentioned in class, please read and blog about Chapter 4 of Daniels for Wednesday. Include in your blog post several questions that you think would be good questions for class discussion - you may use the questions previously posted on this blog as examples of how to construct good discussion questions.

Friday, September 16, 2011

Oloudah Equiano reading for Monday

Here is the link to the reading for Monday. As mentioned in class, please read all of the brief chapter summaries in the table of contents, then choose one chapter to read in its entirety. If you were in class today, you have already chosen a chapter... if you were not, please choose either of the last two chapters.

In preparation for our discussion on Monday, please note three quotes from your chapter that you feel would make good points for discussion.

http://history.hanover.edu/texts/equiano/equiano_contents.html

Wednesday, September 14, 2011

African Immigrants

For Friday's class please read Chapter Three and consider the following questions:
  • For every European who came to the New World, how many Africans came?
  • How did the slave trade contribute to the development of capitalism?
  • If slavery existed primarily in the southern colonies and states, how did the northern colonies and states profit from it?
  • At the end of the colonial period, how many Americans were immigrants from Africa or their descendants? How many Americans today are their descendants?
  • What are the limits on our understanding of the African immigrant experience in America?
  • What is the Myth of the Negro Past? What is the reality?
  • What evidence is there for African cultural transfers in the New World? What's Gullah?
  • How many slaves were brought to the New World, and what percentage came to what is now the United States?
  • Why were there differences in the treatment of slaves throughout the Americas?
  • How is that 50,000 slaves were the first illegal immigrants?

Monday, September 12, 2011

First Paper Assignment and Next Reading

First Document Analysis Paper (due Monday, 9/19):
Read Benjamin Franklin's 1751 essay, "Observations Concerning the Increase of Mankind," and write a three-page (approximately 1,000 word) reaction paper, being careful to site supporting evidence from the essay and your readings. You will probably find the rubric that was distributed on the first day of class helpful. 


Your document analysis and research papers must be submitted via TurnItIn. If you are unfamiliar with TurnItIn, you can watch this video to learn how to create an account and enroll in our class site. Please submit your papers to the section rather than the master class.

  • Class ID #: 4342224
  • Class Enrollment Password: AEH2011



Reading Assignment:


For Wednesday's class please read Chapter Two and consider the following questions:
  • In the colonial period (1607-1787), how many came to America and how many of those were free?
  • What does the first census of 1790 tell us about colonial immigrants?
  • Who went to Virginia and why? How did the do there?
  • What role did indentured service play? What are two reasons it was replaced by African slavery?
  • Who established the Maryland colony?
  • How and why was the immigration and settlement pattern of New England so different from that of Virginia and Maryland?
  • Who were Miles Standish and John Winthrop?
  • What was the role of Puritans in the "Great Migration" of the 1630s?
  • What documents and arrangements were required to immigrate to America from England, and what was the cost and duration of the journey?
  • How did English colonial migration set the character of what would become the United States?

Friday, September 9, 2011

The reading assignment for the week of June 12th is the first three chapters of Coming to America.

For Monday's class please read Chapter One and consider the following questions:
  • What is the distinction between the terms migration and immigration?
  • How did Europeans' attitudes towards other change in the Age of Discovery?
  • Why did several hundred thousand Europeans come to the New World in the 16th and 17th centuries?
  • How many Native Americans lived in what is now the U.S.A. and Canada in 1492?
  • What explains the different policies of Spanish, French, and English colonists regarding native peoples?
  • What are the laws or tendencies of migration? Define push, pull, and means.
  • What are the three major immigration myths that most Americans believe?
  • What main factor reduces a groups rate of return or remigration to the home country?
  • In general, what is the demographic make up of Europeans who migrated to America?
Be prepared to answer these questions in class on Monday.

Wednesday, August 31, 2011

Schedule - Weeks 1 and 2


Week 1

Wednesday, August 31
Introductions. Definitions: “ethnicity,” “race,” “America.” Ice-breaker exploring students’ understanding of their own ethnic identities.

Friday, September 2
Hemispheric context – what is “America?”
DUE… READING: The Americas: A Hemispheric History, Chapter 1 “Americas? America?” and selection from Chapter 2 “Between Colonizations: The Americas’ First ‘Normalcy’”


Week 2

Monday, September 5
No class – Labor Day Holiday

Wednesday, September 7
Early migrations to the Americas – pre-Columbian peoples.
DUE… READING: The American Indian and the Problem of History, Chapter 3, “American Indians and American History.”

Friday, September 9
Evolving theories about initial migrations to the Americas – the “kelp highway.”
DUE… READING: Jon Erlandson, “The Deep History of Pacific Seafaring” and Jim Cassidy, “Evidence of Prehistoric Native American Seafaring,” both in Mains’l Haul: A Journal of Pacific Maritime History, Winter/Spring 2011

Syllabus

HSt 2340 America’s Ethnic History (3 units) Patricia Andrews, MA / pandrews@ndnu.edu
Fall 2011 – MWF 9:00 am Madeleine Fitzgerald, Ph.D. / mfitzgerald@ndnu.edu
http://AEHFall2011.blogspot.com

“Once I thought to write a history of the immigrants in America. Then I discovered that the immigrants were American history.”
Oscar Handlin, Introduction to The Uprooted, 1951

Course Summary
This course explores the histories of ethnic groups in the U.S. One emphasis of the course will be the struggles of various ethnic minorities to achieve a just solution to the American project of forging a nation out of diverse people. Another emphasis will be on the unique traditions they have contributed to the nation we call the United States.

This will be a team-taught course that will emphasize the authentic histories and unique contributions of America’s ethnic groups, and examine the role of immigration in American life. Particular attention will be given to the shifting causes and patterns of immigration, similarities and differences among the experiences of immigrants in the United States, nativism, the development of immigration restrictions, and the effects of immigration on the economic, social, cultural, and political life of the nation over time.
Texts
Daniels, Roger. Coming To America: A History of Immigration and Ethnicity in American Life
Additional readings as assigned in class

Learning Outcomes
Students will…
1. Demonstrate knowledge of the political, cultural, economic, social, religious, intellectual, and artistic experiences of ethnic groups in the US, and develop an understanding of the centrality of immigration and ethnicity to United States history;
2. Understand how decisions made in the past continue to shape society and political discourse, particularly nativist movements and their effects on immigrants and immigration policy;
3. Demonstrate familiarity with the historical literature and conflicting interpretations of the past in order to deepen their awareness of the varied origins of immigrants to the U.S. and of the diverse experiences immigrants encountered in the United States;
4. Weigh and interpret evidence and present a sustained argument supported by historical evidence;
5. Effectively communicate historical knowledge and reasoning orally and in writing;
6. Use the tools of social science research – statistical and qualitative – in formulating a research topic, collecting and analyzing evidence, and presenting results.
7. Think critically about the very idea of history, its purposes, and the manner in which we create and debate stories about our American past.



Requirements
Consistent attendance, reading and note taking are essential to college success. In-class assignments will assess students’ preparation on a regular basis. Students may be quizzed on material covered in class or in reading assignments at any time.
1) Students will produce a minimum of 32 pages of written work. All formal papers must be submitted in MLA format.
2) There will be approximately 100 pages of reading per week. A class Blog/Reading Journal will be kept on a weekly basis as readings are completed. This will be kept online using blogger.com.
3) Oral communication opportunities will develop confidence and skill in public speaking.
4) Attendance and participation are required and together make up 24% of your grade. Learning in a classroom setting is a community experience with collective responsibilities: you will contribute to each other’s learning by giving your time, your thoughts, your questions, your interest, and your attention.
5) History courses require considerable reading and writing. Please plan your study time accordingly and let us know if you are concerned about falling behind in either of these areas.
6) Make-up exam and paper extensions will only be given to students with documented medical or family emergencies.

Academic Honesty
Academic honesty is a cornerstone of our values at NDNU. If any words or ideas used in an assignment submission do not represent your original words or ideas, you must cite all relevant sources and make clear the extent to which such sources were used. Words or ideas that require citation include, but are not limited to, all hard copy or electronic publications, whether copyrighted or not, and all verbal or visual communication when the content of such communication clearly originates from an identifiable source. Consult the NDNU Student Handbook regarding consequences of misrepresenting your work.

Learning Disabilities
If you have a learning disability or other circumstance that requires accommodations in this class, you must bring it to the attention of Program for Academic Support and Services (PASS) to arrange for possible accommodations (650-508-3670).

Evaluation
A total of 1000 points is possible, broken down into the categories below. Students are encouraged to keep track of their progress on a regular basis throughout the semester.

Exams 2 @ 60 points = 120 12%
Document Analysis Papers 2 @ 100 points = 200 20%
Class Blog/Reading Journal 1 @ 200 20%
Research Projects/Presentations 2 @ 120 points = 240 24%
Attendance 40 days @ 3 points = 120 12%
Participation 40 days @ 3 points = 120 12%